「外国人の政治活動は違法」というデマ “Political Activities by ...

「外国人の政治活動は違法」というデマ
米軍スパイが「南京大虐殺」把握の形跡なし
“Political Activities by Foreigners Are Illegal” Is a Falsehood
No Evidence U.S. Military Spies Were Aware of Any “Rape of Nanking”
 
【ニッポンの新常識】 Common Knowledge Revisited 103

　アパホテルが「南京大虐殺」などを否定する書籍を客室に置くことへの抗議デモが、東京・新宿で５日行われ、中華人民共和国（ＰＲＣ）国籍の在日中国人らが参加した。
　On February 5th, a [small] demonstration against the placement of a book which denies the so-called Rape of Nanking in the rooms of the APA Hotel chain was held in Shinjuku, Tokyo. The participants were citizens of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) resident in Japan.
 

　ネット上では「デモなど、外国人の政治活動は違法」「逮捕して国外退去にすべきだ」などと書く人を見かける。
　Thereafter, I saw entries on the internet to the effect that “demonstrations and political activities by foreigners are against the law” or that “the demonstrators should be arrested and thrown out of the country.”
 

　もし、米国人である私が、今回のデモ隊の祖国であるＰＲＣで「中国共産党の一党独裁体制を打倒しよう！」とデモをしたら国外退去になるか、刑務所行きだろう。ＰＲＣでは外国人に限らず、言論の自由や政治活動の自由が一切ないからだ。
　If I, as an American, were to participate in a demonstration advocating “the overthrow of dictatorial one-party rule by the Chinese communist party” within the PRC, which is the home country of these demonstrators, would I be thrown out of the country or imprisoned? In the PRC, there is no freedom of expression or freedom to participate in political activities for foreigners or anyone else.
 

　しかし、民主主義国家である日本で、私が「日本国憲法９条２項を削除しよう！」とデモをしても、国外退去や刑務所行きになる心配はない。「外国人だから」という理由で、言論の自由の一部であるデモなどの政治活動の自由を一切認めないなら、その国は民主主義国家とは呼べない。
　However, in the democratic country of Japan, there is no chance that even if I were to participate in a demonstration advocating “the deletion of Article 9(2) from the Japanese Constitution” I would be thrown out of the country or imprisoned. Any country which does not recognize the right to demonstrate or participate in political activities, which is an integral part of freedom of expression, on the basis that “the demonstrator is a foreigner” is not a democratic country.
 

　もっとも、外国人の政治活動の自由にはおのずと限界がある。国際慣習法上、外国人の「入国の自由」は保障されていないからだ。
　It must be noted, however, that there is a limit to the free participation in political activities by foreigners. Under customary international law, there is no guarantee of the right of foreigners to “enter the country.”
 

　１９７８年の「マクリーン事件判決」で最高裁は、在留期間中に外国人が行った政治活動が合憲・合法だったとしても、その活動を理由として在留許可更新を拒否することは合憲だと判断した。
　In the 1978 ruling by the Japanese Supreme Court in the case of “Ronald McLean v the Minister of Justice,” it was held that while political activities by foreigners are legal and protected by the constitution, it is constitutional to deny an extension of permission to stay in Japan based on such activities.
[See: http://www.yoshabunko.com/citizenship/McLean_v_MOJ_1978.html]
 

　だから、日本に共産党政権が誕生したら、私はビザ更新を拒否されても文句を言えない。そんな日本には住み続ける価値がないから構わないが。
As a result, I would have no standing to protest a denial of an extension of my visa in the event that a Communist regime came to power in Japan. However, that doesn’t matter because I would not want to remain in Japan under such circumstances.
 

それがなぜかネット上では「外国人の政治活動は違法」というデマにすり替わる。各個人に高度なメディアリテラシー（＝メディアの情報を見極める能力）が要求される時代である。
　For some reason, on the internet this court decision has been misinterpreted to mean that “political activities of foreigners are illegal.” This is an age when each individual needs to have high media literacy (meaning the ability to properly ascertain the veracity of media information).
 

　問題の「南京大虐殺」にも触れておこう。
　I will touch upon the so-called Rape of Nanking.
 

　戦後に公開された米国の機密文書を読むと、米軍は日米開戦のかなり前から、中国大陸にスパイ網を持っていた。
　A reading of U.S. secret documents released after the war shows that the U.S. military had an extensive spy network in continental China long before the beginning of the war.
 

　日本軍が上海を陥落させた約１カ月後の１９３７年１２月３日、松井石根大将は、上海租界の「南京路」で示威行進を行った。このとき爆弾テロ事件が発生したが、処理にあたった将校らの名前や階級、行動だけでなく、人間関係や発せられた冗談まで米軍は把握していた。日本軍にも米軍のスパイがいたのだろう。
　On December 3, 1937, approximately one month after the Japanese military brought about the fall of Shanghai, General Iwane Matsui led a military parade on the “Nanking Road” in the Shanghai Concession. At that time there were some terrorist bombing incidents, but the U.S. was fully aware of the names and ranks of all the officers who dealt with the incidents and not only their actions but their personal relationships and even the jokes they exchanged. There were probably spies inside the Japanese military, too.
 

　ところが、米政府が約８年の歳月と３０００万ドル（約３３億円）の費用を使って調査した「ナチス戦争犯罪と日本帝国政府の記録の各省庁作業班（ＩＷＧ）米国議会あて最終報告」に、米軍が「南京大虐殺」を把握していた形跡はない。
　However, in the final report of the U.S. government “Nazi War Crimes and Japanese Imperial Government Records Interagency Working Group,” on which the U.S. government spent 30 million dollars and which took eight years to complete, there was no evidence found that the U.S. military was aware of any “Rape of Nanking” or “Nanking Massacre.”
[See: https://www.archives.gov/iwg/reports/final-report-2007.html]
 

　米軍のスパイ網はザルだったのか。「ユネスコ世界記憶遺産」に登録された資料が早く見たい。
　Was the U.S. military spy network totally ineffective? I am anxious to see what documents were registered in the “UNESCO Memory of the World Register.”
 
 
 
 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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